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Cluster information : Pikromycin


close this sectionCompound

Entry namePikromycin
SynonymPicromycin
PKS TypeTypeI modular
ClassificationMacrolide
Starter Unitmethylmalonyl-CoA
Chain Length7
Sugar Unitdesosamine
ActivityAntibacterial
CompositionC28H47NO8
Pikromycin

close this sectionOriginal source

Organism
StrainATCC 15439
Contig

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close this sectionPKS/NRPS Module

Pikro_00030
pikAI
0 methylmalonyl-CoA
1 methylmalonyl-CoA
2 malonyl-CoA
Pikro_00040
pikAII
3 methylmalonyl-CoA
4 methylmalonyl-CoA
Pikro_00050
pikAIII
5 methylmalonyl-CoA
Pikro_00060
pikAIV
6 methylmalonyl-CoA
KSQ89..464
AT634..943
ACP1012..1082
KS1108..1485
AT1650..1960
KR2208..2387
ACP2497..2567
KS2604..2979
AT3180..3527
DH3579..3753
KR4100..4282
ACP4409..4479
KS36..412
AT572..881
kr1150..1345
ACP1443..1517
KS1539..1916
AT2069..2379
DH2428..2593
ER2959..3267
KR3277..3459
ACP3572..3642
KS35..413
AT565..873
KR1116..1295
ACP1405..1475
KS35..411
AT562..871
ACP944..1017
TE1127..1335

close this sectionReference

A gene cluster for macrolide antibiotic biosynthesis in Streptomyces venezuelae: architecture of metabolic diversity.
Xue Y, Zhao L, Liu HW, Sherman DH
[PMID: 9770448]Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 95 (1998) 12111-6
Characterization of the macrolide P-450 hydroxylase from Streptomyces venezuelae which converts narbomycin to picromycin.
Betlach MC, Kealey JT, Ashley GW, McDaniel R
[PMID: 9778370]Biochemistry. 37 (1998) 14937-42
Hydroxylation of macrolactones YC-17 and narbomycin is mediated by the pikC-encoded cytochrome P450 in Streptomyces venezuelae.
Xue Y, Wilson D, Zhao L, Liu H, Sherman DH
[PMID: 9831532]Chem Biol. 5 (1998) 661-7
The Streptomyces venezuelae pikAV gene contains a transcription unit essential for expression of enzymes involved in glycosylation of narbonolide and 10-deoxymethynolide.
Chen S, Roberts JB, Xue Y, Sherman DH, Reynolds KA
[PMID: 11223265]Gene. 263 (2001) 255-64
Characterization and analysis of the PikD regulatory factor in the pikromycin biosynthetic pathway of Streptomyces venezuelae.
Wilson DJ, Xue Y, Reynolds KA, Sherman DH
[PMID: 11344155]J Bacteriol. 183 (2001) 3468-75
Expression, purification, and characterization of two N,N-dimethyltransferases, tylM1 and desVI, involved in the biosynthesis of mycaminose and desosamine.
Chen H, Yamase H, Murakami K, Chang CW, Zhao L, Zhao Z, Liu HW
[PMID: 12119032]Biochemistry. 41 (2002) 9165-83
Biochemical evidence for an editing role of thioesterase II in the biosynthesis of the polyketide pikromycin.
Kim BS, Cropp TA, Beck BJ, Sherman DH, Reynolds KA
[PMID: 12368286]J Biol Chem. 277 (2002) 48028-34
High resolution X-ray structure of dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase from Streptomyces venezuelae.
Allard ST, Cleland WW, Holden HM
[PMID: 14570895]J Biol Chem. 279 (2004) 2211-20
Beta-glucosylation as a part of self-resistance mechanism in methymycin/pikromycin producing strain Streptomyces venezuelae.
Zhao L, Beyer NJ, Borisova SA, Liu HW
[PMID: 14674753]Biochemistry. 42 (2003) 14794-804
New olivosyl derivatives of methymycin/pikromycin from an engineered strain of Streptomyces venezuelae.
Hong JS, Park SH, Choi CY, Sohng JK, Yoon YJ
[PMID: 15358425]FEMS Microbiol Lett. 238 (2004) 391-9
Molecular architecture of DesV from Streptomyces venezuelae: a PLP-dependent transaminase involved in the biosynthesis of the unusual sugar desosamine.
Burgie ES, Thoden JB, Holden HM
[PMID: 17456741]Protein Sci. 16 (2007) 887-96
Molecular architecture of DesI: a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of desosamine.
Burgie ES, Holden HM
[PMID: 17630700]Biochemistry. 46 (2007) 8999-9006
Interrogating the molecular basis for multiple macrolactone ring formation by the pikromycin polyketide synthase.
Kittendorf JD, Beck BJ, Buchholz TJ, Seufert W, Sherman DH
[PMID: 17719493]Chem Biol. 14 (2007) 944-54
Enhanced heterologous production of desosaminyl macrolides and their hydroxylated derivatives by overexpression of the pikD regulatory gene in Streptomyces venezuelae.
Jung WS, Jeong SJ, Park SR, Choi CY, Park BC, Park JW, Yoon YJ
[PMID: 18245260]Appl Environ Microbiol. 74 (2008) 1972-9
Characterization and mechanistic studies of DesII: a radical S-adenosyl-L-methionine enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of TDP-D-desosamine.
Szu PH, Ruszczycky MW, Choi SH, Yan F, Liu HW
[PMID: 19746907]J Am Chem Soc. 131 (2009) 14030-42
Stoichiometry of the redox neutral deamination and oxidative dehydrogenation reactions catalyzed by the radical SAM enzyme DesII.
Ruszczycky MW, Choi SH, Liu HW
[PMID: 20121093]J Am Chem Soc. 132 (2010) 2359-69
Characterization of glycosyltransferase DesVII and its auxiliary partner protein DesVIII in the methymycin/picromycin biosynthetic pathway.
Borisova SA, Liu HW
[PMID: 20695498]Biochemistry. 49 (2010) 8071-84

close this sectionData download

Compound nameGenomic
nucleotide
sequence
Nucleotide
sequences of the
coding regions
Translation of the
coding sequences
List of genes/ORFsGBK
Pikromycin
Genomic nucleotide sequence
55 KB
Nucleotide sequences of the coding regions
16 KB
Translation of the coding sequences
10 KB
List of genes/ORFs
1 KB

 

 
GenBank format
108 KB
AF079138
Genomic nucleotide sequence
38 KB
Nucleotide sequences of the coding regions
37 KB
Translation of the coding sequences
13 KB
List of genes/ORFs
1 KB

 

 

 
AF079762
Genomic nucleotide sequence
13 KB
Nucleotide sequences of the coding regions
12 KB
Translation of the coding sequences
5 KB
List of genes/ORFs
2 KB

 

 

 
AF079139
Genomic nucleotide sequence
4 KB
Nucleotide sequences of the coding regions
4 KB
Translation of the coding sequences
2 KB
List of genes/ORFs
434 B

 

 

 

close this sectionHistory

  • 2013-01-16[Update]
  • 2012-10-02[Update]
  • 2012-03-28[Release]
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